प्रश्न 1.
संज्ञा की परिभाषा उदाहरण सहित लिखिए।
उत्तर :
जिन शब्दों से किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु, स्थान, गुण, धर्म और भाव आदि का बोध होता है, वे संज्ञा कहलाते हैं। जैसे – राम, पुस्तक, जयपुर, जवानी आदि।
प्रश्न 2.
संज्ञा कितने प्रकार की होती है?
उत्तर :
संज्ञा तीन प्रकार की होती है –
व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा
जातिवाचक संज्ञा
भाववाचक संज्ञा।
संज्ञा के अन्य भेदों में (i) द्रव्यवाचक और (ii) समूहवाचक या समुदायवाचक भेद भी माने जाते हैं। वैसे हिन्दी में ये दोनों भेद जातिवाचक संज्ञा के अन्तर्गत ही आते हैं।
RBSE Class 7 Hindi Vyakaran संज्ञा
प्रश्न 3.
व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा की परिभाषा सोदाहरण लिखिए।
उत्तर :
जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से किसी विशेष व्यक्ति, वस्तु, स्थान आदि का बोध होता है, वे व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा कहलाते हैं। जैसे – राम, गंगा, रामायण, दिल्ली आदि।
प्रश्न 4.
जातिवाचक संज्ञा किसे कहते हैं? उदाहरण सहित लिखिए।
उत्तर :
जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से एक जाति या वर्ग की सभी वस्तुओं का बोध हो, उसे जातिवाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं। जैसेबालक, पुस्तक, नगर, पहाड़, गाय, नदी आदि।
प्रश्न 5.
भाववाचक संज्ञा की परिभाषा व उदाहरण लिखिए।
उत्तर :
जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से पदार्थों के गुण, दोष, अवस्था और व्यापार आदि का बोध होता है, वे भाववाचक संज्ञा कहलाते हैं। जैसे बचपन, मोटापा, मानवता, एकता, बुढ़ापा आदि।
प्रश्न 6.
भाववाचक संज्ञाएँ किन शब्दों से बनती हैं?
उत्तर :
भाववाचक संज्ञाएँ इन शब्दों से बनती हैं – (1) जातिवाचक संज्ञा शब्द से, (2) सर्वनाम शब्द से, (3) विशेषण शब्द से और (4) क्रिया से। जैसे – जातिवाचक संज्ञा से – मनुष्य-मनुष्यता, राष्ट्र-राष्ट्रीयता, बच्चा-बचपन। सर्वनाम से – अपना-अपनापन, अहं-अहंकार, निज-निजत्व। विशेषण से – मोटा-मोटापा, मूर्ख-मूर्खता। क्रिया सेलिखना-लेख, हँसना-हँसी।
RBSE Class 7 Hindi Vyakaran संज्ञा
प्रश्न 7.
द्रव्यवाचक संज्ञा की सोदाहरण परिभाषा लिखिए।
उत्तर :
जिस संज्ञा शब्द से किसी द्रव्य, पदार्थ या धातु का बोध होता है, उसे द्रव्यवाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं। जैसे – सोना, चाँदी, लोहा, दूध, पानी, घी, तेल आदि।
प्रश्न 8.
समूहवाचक या समुदायवाचक संज्ञा किसे कहते हैं?
उत्तर :
जिन – संज्ञा शब्दों से किसी समूह या समुदाय का बोध होता है, उसे समूह या समुदायवाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं। जैसेसभा, कक्षा, सेना, दल, भीड़, टोली आदि।
प्रश्न 9.
निम्न में से कौन सा शब्द संज्ञा नहीं है –
(क) आतुरता
(ख) सुन्दरता
(ग) मुटापा
(घ) झपकता।
उत्तर :
(घ) झपकता।
प्रश्न 10.
‘चाँदी’ शब्द है –
(क) द्रव्यवाचक
(ख) व्यक्तिवाचक
(ग) भाववाचक
(घ) समूहवाचक।
उत्तर :
(क) द्रव्यवाचक
RBSE Class 7 Hindi Vyakaran संज्ञा
प्रश्न 11.
“उसकी सज्जनता पर सब हँस पड़े।” इसमें भाववाचक संज्ञा है –
(क) उसकी
(ख) सज्जनता
(ग) सब
(घ) हँस।
उत्तर :
(ख) सज्जनता
प्रश्न 12.
भाववाचक संज्ञा का उदाहरण है –
(क) शेर
(ख) मूर्ख
(ग) बनावट
(घ) सितार
उत्तर :
(ग) बनावट
RBSE Class 7 Hindi Vyakaran संज्ञा
प्रश्न 13.
जातिवाचक संज्ञा से बना भाववाचक संज्ञा शब्द है –
(क) सुन्दरता
(ख) धैर्यता
(ग) समाचार
(घ) मनुष्यता।
उत्तर :
(घ) मनुष्यता।
प्रश्न 14.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों से भाववाचक संज्ञा बनाइये –
उत्तर :
जवान = जवानी
बच्चा = बचपन
लड़का = लड़कपन
युवक = यौवन
मनुष्य = मनुष्यता
सज्जन = सज्जनता
अपना = अपनापन
कायर = कायरता
गरीब = गरीबी
परतंत्र = परतन्त्रता
दुष्ट = दुष्टता
भूखा = भूख
कुशल = कुशलता
नीच = नीचता
मम = ममत्व
सर्व = सर्वस्व
निज = निजता
स्व = स्वत्व
अहं = अहंकार
अच्छा = अच्छाई
ऊँचा = ऊँचाई
आलसी = आलस्य
हारना = हार
महान = महानता
सज्जन = सज्जनता
स्वस्थ = स्वास्थ्य
हिंसक = हिंसा
झुकना = झुकाव
पढ़ना = पढ़ाई
हँसना = हँसी
घबराना = घबराहट
खेलना = खेल
RBSE Class 7 Hindi Vyakaran संज्ञा
प्रश्न 15.
रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए।
(क) ‘मीठा’ शब्द की भाववाचक संज्ञा ………………। (मिठास/ मीठा-सा)
(ख) ‘भाई” शब्द की भाववाचक संज्ञा ……………….। (भइया/भाईचारा)
(ग) ‘लिखना’ क्रिया की भाववाचक संज्ञा ……………..। (लेख/लिखाई)
(घ) ‘कठिनाई’ शब्द की जातिवाचक संज्ञा …………………..। (कठिन/कठिनाइयाँ)
उत्तर :
(क) मिठास
(ख) भाईचारा
(ग) लेख
(घ) कठिनाइयाँ।
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